#Bash 的 sort 命令
sort [OPTION]... [FILE]...
功能
将文本文件的行进行排序。
类型
可执行文件(/usr/bin/sort),属于 coreutils。
参数
OPTION选项:-b,--ignore-leading-blanks- 忽略开头的空白-d,--dictionary-order- 使用字典序,忽略字母、数字、空格以外的字符(默认)-f,--ignore-case- 忽略大小写,小写字母当作大写字母-g,--general-numeric-sort- 比较广义数值大小('NaN'<'-inf'<'2'<'3.14'<'10'<'1e4'<'inf')-i,--ignore-nonprinting- 忽略不可打印的字符(参考 isprint)-M,--month-sort- 比较月份大小(其它 <'JAN'<'FEB'< ... <'DEC')-h,--human-numeric-sort- 比较含单位的数值大小(2K<1G)-n,--numeric-sort- 比较数值大小('2'<'3.14'<'10'),非数值视为 0-R,--random-sort- 随机排序(但是相同的行会在一起)--random-source=FILE- 通过FILE获取随机数-r,--reverse- 逆序输出;默认为升序,此选项为降序--sort=WORD- 按WORD排序:general-numeric- 同-g,比较广义数值大小('NaN'<'-inf'<'2'<'3.14'<'10'<'1e4'<'inf')human-numeric- 同-h,比较含单位的数值大小(2K<1G)month- 同-M,比较月份大小(其它 <'JAN'<'FEB'< ... <'DEC')numeric- 同-n,比较数值大小('2'<'3.14'<'10'),非数值视为 0random- 同-R,随机排序(但是相同的行会在一起)version- 同-V,比较版本号大小('v3.2'<'v10.1')
-V,--version-sort- 比较版本号大小('v3.2'<'v10.1')--batch-size=NMERGE- 一个合并最多NMERGE个输入-c,--check,--check=diagnose-first- 检查输入是否已经排序,而不是进行排序-C,--check=quiet,--check=silent- 检查输入是否已经排序,而不是进行排序,并且不报告错序行--compress-program=PROG- 使用PROG命令临时进行压缩,之后使用PROG -d命令解压--debug- 打印调试信息;对用于排序的行进行注释并将可疑用法输出到标准错误--files0-from=F- 从文件F中读取文件列表作为输入,每个文件名以空字符(\0)结尾;如果F是-则从标准输入读取文件列表-k,--key=KEYDEF- 根据键进行排序-m,--merge- 合并已经排序的文件,而不是进行排序-o,--output=FILE- 将结果输出到FILE文件;默认为标准输出-s,--stable- 稳定排序-S,--buffer-size=SIZE- 使用SIZE主内存缓冲-t,--field-separator=SEP- 使用SEP作为分隔,而不是非空白到空白的过渡作为分隔-T,--temporary-directory=DIR- 使用DIR作为临时目录,而不是$TMPDIR或/tmp--parallel=N- 并发运行数量设为N-u,--unique- 排序时相同的行只输出一次;检查排序(与-c一同使用)时严格检查顺序 (不能有重复行)-z,--zero-terminated- 以空字符(\0)作为行的结尾,而不是换行符(\n)--help- 显示帮助--version- 显示版本
FILE- 文件列表;如果没有这个参数或指定为-,则读取标准输入
#示例
示例文件内容:
apple Apple !banana 10 2 50K 3M Jan Feb v1 v2 v10 3.5 1e2 NaN
默认排序(字典序)
$ sort 1.txt
10
1e2
2
3.5
3M
50K
apple
Apple
!banana
Feb
Jan
NaN
v1
v10
v2
按数值排序
$ sort -n 1.txt
apple
Apple
!banana
Feb
Jan
NaN
v1
v10
v2
1e2
2
3M
3.5
10
50K
按广义数值排序
$ sort -g 1.txt
apple
Apple
!banana
Feb
Jan
v1
v10
v2
NaN
2
3M
3.5
10
50K
1e2
含单位的数值排序
$ sort -h 1.txt
apple
Apple
!banana
Feb
Jan
NaN
v1
v10
v2
1e2
2
3.5
10
50K
3M
版本号排序
$ sort -V 1.txt
1e2
2
3M
3.5
10
50K
Apple
Feb
Jan
NaN
apple
v1
v2
v10
!banana
月份排序
$ sort -M 1.txt
10
1e2
2
3.5
3M
50K
apple
Apple
!banana
NaN
v1
v10
v2
Jan
Feb
#推荐阅读
#手册
SORT(1) User Commands SORT(1) NAME sort - sort lines of text files SYNOPSIS sort [OPTION]... [FILE]... sort [OPTION]... --files0-from=F DESCRIPTION Write sorted concatenation of all FILE(s) to standard output. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. Ordering options: -b, --ignore-leading-blanks ignore leading blanks -d, --dictionary-order consider only blanks and alphanumeric characters -f, --ignore-case fold lower case to upper case characters -g, --general-numeric-sort compare according to general numerical value -i, --ignore-nonprinting consider only printable characters -M, --month-sort compare (unknown) < 'JAN' < ... < 'DEC' -h, --human-numeric-sort compare human readable numbers (e.g., 2K 1G) -n, --numeric-sort compare according to string numerical value -R, --random-sort shuffle, but group identical keys. See shuf(1) --random-source=FILE get random bytes from FILE -r, --reverse reverse the result of comparisons --sort=WORD sort according to WORD: general-numeric -g, human-numeric -h, month -M, numeric -n, random -R, version -V -V, --version-sort natural sort of (version) numbers within text Other options: --batch-size=NMERGE merge at most NMERGE inputs at once; for more use temp files -c, --check, --check=diagnose-first check for sorted input; do not sort -C, --check=quiet, --check=silent like -c, but do not report first bad line --compress-program=PROG compress temporaries with PROG; decompress them with PROG -d --debug annotate the part of the line used to sort, and warn about ques‐ tionable usage to stderr --files0-from=F read input from the files specified by NUL-terminated names in file F; If F is - then read names from standard input -k, --key=KEYDEF sort via a key; KEYDEF gives location and type -m, --merge merge already sorted files; do not sort -o, --output=FILE write result to FILE instead of standard output -s, --stable stabilize sort by disabling last-resort comparison -S, --buffer-size=SIZE use SIZE for main memory buffer -t, --field-separator=SEP use SEP instead of non-blank to blank transition -T, --temporary-directory=DIR use DIR for temporaries, not $TMPDIR or /tmp; multiple options specify multiple directories --parallel=N change the number of sorts run concurrently to N -u, --unique with -c, check for strict ordering; without -c, output only the first of an equal run -z, --zero-terminated line delimiter is NUL, not newline --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit KEYDEF is F[.C][OPTS][,F[.C][OPTS]] for start and stop position, where F is a field number and C a character position in the field; both are origin 1, and the stop position defaults to the line's end. If neither -t nor -b is in effect, characters in a field are counted from the be‐ ginning of the preceding whitespace. OPTS is one or more single-letter ordering options [bdfgiMhnRrV], which override global ordering options for that key. If no key is given, use the entire line as the key. Use --debug to diagnose incorrect key usage. SIZE may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: % 1% of memory, b 1, K 1024 (default), and so on for M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y, R, Q. *** WARNING *** The locale specified by the environment affects sort order. Set LC_ALL=C to get the traditional sort order that uses native byte values. AUTHOR Written by Mike Haertel and Paul Eggert. REPORTING BUGS GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/> COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO shuf(1), uniq(1) Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/sort> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) sort invocation' GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 SORT(1)