#Bash 的 chown 命令
chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE...
功能
修改文件的所有者和所属组。
类型
可执行文件（/usr/bin/chown），属于 coreutils。
参数
OPTION选项：-c,--changes- 仅对发生变化的文件打印详细信息-f,--silent,--quiet- 忽略大部分错误信息-v,--verbose- 打印详细信息--dereference- 影响符号链接引用的源文件，而非符号链接本身（默认）-h,--no-dereference- 影响符号链接本身，而不是其引用的源文件--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP- 仅当文件的所有者和所属主是CURRENT_OWNER和CURRENT_GROUP才进行修改--no-preserve-root- 不保护/目录--preserve-root- 保护/目录--reference=RFILE- 引用RFILE文件的配置-R,--recursive- 对目录进行递归操作-H- 使用-R选项进行递归操作时，指向目录的符号链接只有作为命令行参数时才遍历-L- 使用-R选项进行递归操作时，遍历所有指向目录的符号链接-P- 使用-R选项进行递归操作时，不遍历任何符号链接（默认）--help- 显示帮助--version- 显示版本
OWNER- 要设为的所有者GROUP- 要设为的所属组FILE- 文件列表
#示例
用户名或组名
$ chown planc file.txt # 将 file 的所有者设为 planc
$ chown :primers file.txt # 将 file 的所属组设为 primers
$ chown planc:primers file.txt # 将 file 的所有者设为 planc 所属组设为 primers
用 ID 或组 ID
$ chown 1001 file.txt # 将 file 的所有者 ID 设为 1001
$ chown :1001 file.txt # 将 file 的所属组 ID 设为 1001
$ chown 1001:1001 file.txt # 将 file 的所有者 ID 设为 1001 所属组 ID 设为 1001
其它
$ chown --reference=2.txt 1.txt # 将 1.txt 的所有者和所属组设为和 2.txt 一样
$ chown planc:primers -R dir # 递归设置目录 dir 中的文件
修改根目录（危险！）
$ chown planc --no-preserve-root -R / # 危险！千万不要执行此命令！
修改系统关键文件的所有者可能导致系统无法启动，请谨慎操作。
#相关命令
#推荐阅读
#手册
CHOWN(1) User Commands CHOWN(1) NAME chown - change file owner and group SYNOPSIS chown [OPTION]... [OWNER][:[GROUP]] FILE... chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE... DESCRIPTION This manual page documents the GNU version of chown. chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file. If only an owner (a user name or numeric user ID) is given, that user is made the owner of each given file, and the files' group is not changed. If the owner is followed by a colon and a group name (or numeric group ID), with no spaces between them, the group ownership of the files is changed as well. If a colon but no group name follows the user name, that user is made the owner of the files and the group of the files is changed to that user's login group. If the colon and group are given, but the owner is omitted, only the group of the files is changed; in this case, chown performs the same function as chgrp. If only a colon is given, or if the entire operand is empty, neither the owner nor the group is changed. OPTIONS Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE. -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made -f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed --dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is the default), rather than the symbolic link itself -h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink) --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attribute --no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default) --preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/' --reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than specifying OWNER:GROUP values. RFILE is always dereferenced. -R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the fi‐ nal one takes effect. -H if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it -L traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered -P do not traverse any symbolic links (default) --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit Owner is unchanged if missing. Group is unchanged if missing, but changed to login group if implied by a ':' following a symbolic OWNER. OWNER and GROUP may be numeric as well as symbolic. EXAMPLES chown root /u Change the owner of /u to "root". chown root:staff /u Likewise, but also change its group to "staff". chown -hR root /u Change the owner of /u and subfiles to "root". AUTHOR Written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering. REPORTING BUGS GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/> COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO chown(2) Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/chown> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) chown invocation' GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 CHOWN(1)